Which of the following promotional materials is considered exempt from real estate advertising requirements?

The correct choice is hats, as promotional materials like hats are typically considered exempt from real estate advertising requirements because they do not contain specific advertising content that promotes real estate services directly. Instead, items like hats are more general in nature and may simply carry a logo or brand name without any specific property information or calls to action.

In contrast, materials such as business cards, flyers, and brochures are designed specifically to advertise real estate services. These items often include information about properties, specific calls to action, or detailed contact information, which means they must adhere to advertising regulations. Business cards must clearly identify the professional and their licensure, while flyers and brochures typically provide detailed descriptions of real estate listings.

This distinction between promotional items that serve a more generic purpose versus those explicitly aimed at advertising real estate services is critical in understanding the applicable regulations.